Clean Architecture in Laravel 12: Repositories, DTOs, and Service Layers

Laravel is famous for developer velocity, but as projects scale to hundreds of models and controllers, standard MVC can lead to fat controllers and duplicated logic.

Core Layers of Clean Architecture:

1. DTOs (Data Transfer Objects): Strictly typed objects for data entering the application.
2. Services: Domain logic encapsulating business rules.
3. Repositories: Abstraction layer between business logic and database queries.

By decoupling business logic from web frameworks, your code becomes 100% testable, maintainable, and resilient to framework upgrades.